beginning
In this article, I will explain effective study methods, starting with knowledge of specialized parts in human anatomy.
In human anatomy, it is necessary not only to memorize the names of various organs, muscles, and bones, but also to remember where they are located in the body. Therefore, it is necessary to learn as efficiently as possible.
I hope you will deepen your understanding even a little by reading this article and using the app.
Now, I will explain the contents of “nasopharyngeal contractor/oropharyngeal contractor/hypopharyngeal contractile muscle” and how to study human anatomy.
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What are nasopharyngeal contractor/ oropharyngeal contractor/ hypopharyngeal contractile muscle?
The anatomy application allows you to view a selection of anatomy 3D models. In this model, there are various observation methods such as surfaces, cross-sections, and nervous systems. This time, I'll explain using an anatomy application.
About nasopharyngeal contractile muscle
The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle (superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle) is a muscle located at the top of the pharynx and plays an important role in pharyngeal contraction and swallowing.
This muscle forms a circular structure of the pharynx, and by pulling the pharyngeal wall backwards and sideways, it helps move food and liquids smoothly from the oral cavity to the esophagus.
The nasopharyngeal contractile muscle mainly originates from the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone, inside the posterior part of the mandible, and the maxillopharyngeal process, and is connected to the septum and oropharyngeal muscles of the pharynx.
Innervation is performed by the vagus nerve (X degree cranial nerve) and plays an important role in swallowing reflexes. When the function of this muscle is impaired, problems such as difficulty swallowing and delays in the passage of food into the esophagus can occur.
Study points
1. Using visual materials: Use detailed anatomical diagrams and 3D models to understand the exact location and movement of the nasopharyngeal constrictor muscle. In particular, check the structure of its starting and stopping parts. It also grasps relationships with other muscles and structures in the pharynx.
2. palpation: It is actually a difficult part to palpate, but it is understood indirectly by moving the tongue and throat in the oral cavity and feeling the movement of the pharynx.
3. Movement observation: Use a mirror to observe your throat movements as you swallow. Observe how others swallow food and understand pharyngeal movements.
4. Understanding features: Learn how nasopharyngeal contractile muscles help swallowing, and their specific roles and movements. We understand the process by which chewed food and drinks move smoothly from the oral cavity to the esophagus.
5. Learning clinical symptoms: Learn about symptoms and treatments for nasopharyngeal contractile muscle disorders and diseases (e.g. pharyngeal paralysis, tumors). Understand how these issues affect swallowing and digestion of food.
About oropharyngeal contractile muscle
The middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle (middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle) is a muscle located in the middle of the pharynx and plays an important role in pumping food and liquid from the pharynx into the esophagus.
The oropharyngeal constrictor muscle starts from the large horn and small horn of the hyoid bone, and is connected vertically and horizontally in the middle of the posterior pharyngeal wall.
By contracting the pharynx, this muscle narrows the path of passage of food as it passes through the pharynx, making it easier for food to flow towards the esophagus.
The oropharyngeal contractile muscle also works as part of the pharyngeal contractile muscle group and participates in swallowing movements in conjunction with the nasopharyngeal contractile muscle and hypopharyngeal contractile muscle. The motor innervation is the vagus nerve (X cranial nerve) and plays an important role during swallowing.
If this muscle does not function properly, there is a possibility that swallowing food or aspirating liquids will occur frequently.
Study points
1. Using visual materials: Using anatomical diagrams and 3D models, the position and start/stop parts of the oropharyngeal contractile muscle are clearly grasped. In particular, it is important to check the connection with the hyoid bone. The relationship with other contractile muscles in the pharynx is also understood, and the overall structure is grasped.
2. palpation: Actual palpation is difficult, but swallowing movements can be felt. You can touch the outside of your throat and feel the movement of your throat when swallowing.
3. Movement observation: Use a mirror to visually observe swallowing movements. Observe throat movements when drinking drinks and eating to understand how muscles work. We also observe others' swallowing movements and check the function of contractile muscles.
4. Understanding features: Learn specifically how oropharyngeal contractile muscles play an important role in swallowing. Understand in detail the process of how food moves from the oral cavity to the pharynx to the esophagus.
5. Learning clinical symptoms: Learn about symptoms and treatments for oropharyngeal contractile muscle disorders (e.g. nerve paralysis or abnormal muscle contraction). In particular, you will understand the risks of dysphagia and aspiration, and learn appropriate treatment and rehabilitation methods.
About hypopharyngeal contractile muscle
The hypopharyngeal constrictor muscle (inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle) is a muscle located at the bottom of the pharynx and plays an important role in pumping food from the pharynx into the esophagus.
This muscle starts from thyroid cartilage and annular cartilage and is inserted so that they converge in the middle of the pharynx while running at an angle.
The main function of the hypopharyngeal contractile muscle is to contract the wall of the pharynx in order to carry food from the oral cavity to the pharynx to the esophagus during swallowing. Since this muscle works normally during the swallowing process, food and liquid are smoothly sent to the esophagus without accidentally entering the trachea.
The hypopharyngeal constrictor muscle is innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve (X cranial nerve), and if its function is impaired, difficulty swallowing and the risk of aspiration may increase.
Study points
1. Using visual materials: Using detailed anatomical diagrams and 3D models, we will visually understand the position and movement of the hypopharyngeal contractile muscle. At this time, it is important to check the relationship between thyroid cartilage and annular cartilage. We will also understand relationships with other pharyngeal contractile muscles and pharyngeal structures.
2. palpation: It is difficult to palpate the exact position, but by performing swallowing exercises, you can understand the movement of the pharynx and its sensation. Swallow while touching the outside of the throat, and feel how the pharynx contracts.
3. Movement observation: Use a mirror to observe your own or others' throat movements as they drink. In particular, check the movement of swallowing liquids and continuous movements when swallowing food.
4. Understanding features: Learn how the hypopharyngeal contractile muscle plays an important role in swallowing and its specific mechanism. We will understand in detail the process by which food is transported from the oral cavity to the pharynx and then into the esophagus.
5. Learning clinical symptoms: Learn about symptoms and treatments for hypopharyngeal contractile muscle disorders (e.g. cramps or paralysis). In particular, you will understand how symptoms of difficulty swallowing and aspiration affect your daily life.
How to study human anatomy
I will explain specific study methods using human anatomy applications.
Check your past learning history and practice repeatedly
Here are the steps to check your anatomy learning history and practice iteratively effectively.
1. Check your learning history in the app
Reviewing your learning history with the application is an important step in effectively advancing anatomy learning. First, launch the app and go to the learning history section from the main menu. Many anatomy apps are designed to show your progress in the form of graphs and lists, so you can visually check which parts you've learned about and how much time you've spent.
By using this data, you can understand which areas you have strengths in and where you need to spend more time and effort. We also recommend using a dedicated tag or notebook function to mark areas you are particularly weak at or where you need to relearn. Regularly checking your learning history and looking back on past learning content will lead to efficient review and deepening understanding.
2. Make a plan for iterative learning
Making an efficient repetitive learning plan based on learning history is extremely effective in promoting knowledge retention. First, identify weak points and areas where you need to relearn. Next, arrange these study items into a weekly or monthly calendar and create a specific study schedule. By proceeding in a planned manner, you can learn each part evenly and avoid packing in a large amount of information at once.
Using a task management app or digital calendar to set study reminders is effective. Also, it's important to have the flexibility to regularly review progress and revise plans as needed. By having goals and proceeding with your studies in a planned manner, you can efficiently acquire anatomical knowledge.
3.Use 3D features to learn visually
By utilizing the 3D function, learning anatomy is easier to understand visually. The 3D model shows the structure of the human body three-dimensionally, and each part can be observed in detail. This makes it possible to intuitively grasp positional relationships between deep muscles and organs that are difficult to capture in a planar view. For example, you can learn even the smallest details by rotating specific muscles and bones and zooming in and out.
Also, there are many apps that have the function of displaying cross-sectional views of each part using a 3D model, which is useful for deepening understanding of internal structures. This diversity of visual information helps with memory retention and improves immediate responsiveness in tests and practice situations. By utilizing the 3D function and learning visually, you can learn anatomy knowledge more deeply and efficiently.
Use the memo function concretely
Make notes so you don't forget the things and points you've noticed while studying. The memo function can be used for different purposes, such as inputting text, saving images, and writing memos. Tag your notes to make them easier to review later.
Test your learning regularly in the form of quizzes
Regularly testing what you've learned in a quiz format is a very effective way to anchor your anatomy knowledge. Quiz-style tests help you objectively grasp your level of understanding and areas you lack while repeating knowledge.
For example, by using a learning app to conduct quizzes every specific period, you can reconfirm what you've learned and strengthen your memory. There are a wide range of quiz formats, such as multiple choice questions, fill-in-the-blank questions, and short answer questions, and each helps understanding from a different angle and develops the ability to utilize various types of knowledge.
Get feedback
If possible, get feedback from other learners and experts. It helps you find your own gaps in understanding and areas for improvement. You can also keep yourself motivated to learn by regularly testing yourself. Feeling a sense of accomplishment and progress increases motivation for continuous learning.
summary
This time, I explained how to study “nasopharyngeal contractor/oropharyngeal contractor/hypopharyngeal contractile muscle” using an application!
Thank you for reading this far.
I would be happy if reading this article helped you learn about anatomy.
Learning is a long, never-ending journey, but I sincerely wish you all the best. Let's continue to study together and work hard for the national exam!
Please look forward to the next blog.
teamLab Body Pro Free Download
A 3D anatomy app that shows all the structures of the human body
Download teamLab Body Pro here!
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